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• 几何设计与计算 • 上一篇    下一篇

局部尺寸在功能公差设计中的应用和替代标注研究

  

  1. 1. 江苏理工学院机械工程学院，江苏 常州 213001；
    2. 博世电动工具(中国)有限公司，浙江 杭州 310052
  • 出版日期:2017-12-30 发布日期:2018-01-11

Study on Local Size in Functional Tolerancing and Its Alternative Annotation

  1. 1. College of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou Jiangsu 213001, China;
    2. BOSCH Power Tools (China) Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Zhejiang 310052, China
  • Online:2017-12-30 Published:2018-01-11
  • Supported by:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51475219)

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摘要： 为了更好地运用现行公差标准中局部尺寸的定义进行尺寸公差设计，首先以一种
自动上料机构为例介绍了ASME Y14.5 和ISO/GPS 公差标准中局部尺寸的概念及不同之处，分
析了在两个不同标准体系下设定局部尺寸、采用公差原则和附加符号来实现几何功能的差异；
随后，以电机轴的几何规范为例，分析了当采用两点测量法无法检测局部尺寸的情况下，在保
证几何功能的同时采用几何公差项目进行替代标注，以规避检测局部尺寸。正确理解局部尺寸
的概念、相关符号及其检测特点，避免歧义性的标注，对合理保证零件的功能、可装配性和控
制制造成本有积极意义。

关键词: 局部尺寸, 产品几何技术规范, 几何尺寸与公差, 公差原则, 面轮廓度

Abstract: In order to make better use of the definition local size for the design of mechanical
tolerance under current tolerance standards. The concepts of local size in ASME Y14.5 and ISO/GPS
were introduced. The differences in the use of local size in ASME Y14.5 and ISO/GPS were analyzed
with the application of local size in an automatic feeding mechanism. The two tolerance standards
differ in setting the local size, using tolerance principle and adding symbols to realize geometrical
functions. Then, the geometrical specifications of the motor shaft were analyzed when using
two-point measurement methods can’t detect the local size. The geometric tolerances items were used
to replace the dimensioning of sector-cylinder to avoid the detection of local size. It is of positive
significance to correctly understand the concept of the local size, relevant symbols and its detection
characteristics, and to avoid ambiguous dimensioning, which can guarantee the functionality and
assemblability of parts, and can improve the economy.

Key words: local size, geometrical product specification, geometrical dimension and tolerance;
tolerance principle, surface profile