基于三维仿真的公路、铁路平行或交叉路段防眩设施自动评估

doi:10.11996/JG.j.2095-302X.2023040818

图学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 818-827.DOI: 10.11996/JG.j.2095-302X.2023040818

基于三维仿真的公路、铁路平行或交叉路段防眩设施自动评估

许阳¹(), 张良涛¹(), 王振刚¹, 张刘俊¹, 吴思远¹, 邓逸川²^,³, 宋杰⁴

1.中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司，湖北武汉430063
2.华南理工大学土木与交通学院，广东广州 510640
3.亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室，广东广州 510640
4.武汉大学土木建筑工程学院，湖北武汉 430072

收稿日期:2023-01-31 接受日期:2023-04-28 出版日期:2023-08-31 发布日期:2023-08-16
通讯作者: 张良涛(1978-)，男，正高级工程师，硕士。主要研究方向为交通工程环境保护技术管理工作。E-mail：123360313@qq.com
作者简介:
许阳(1980-)，男，高级工程师，硕士。主要研究方向为交通工程环保设计和环境影响评价相关工作。E-mail：xyang8000@163.com
基金资助:
广东省自然科学基金项目(2023A1515030169);广州市科技计划项目(202201010338)

Research on key technologies of automatic evaluation and design of road light barriers based on 3D simulation

XU Yang¹(), ZHANG Liang-tao¹(), WANG Zhen-gang¹, ZHANG Liu-jun¹, WU Si-yuan¹, DENG Yi-chuan²^,³, SONG Jie⁴

1. China Railway Fourth Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan Hubei 430063, China
2. School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Guangdong 510640, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, Guangzhou Guangdong 510640, China
4. School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan Hubei 430072, China

Received:2023-01-31 Accepted:2023-04-28 Online:2023-08-31 Published:2023-08-16
Contact: ZHANG Liang-tao (1978-), senior engineer, master. His main research interests cover technology and management of environmental protection of traffic engineering. E-mail：123360313@qq.com
About author:
XU Yang (1980-), senior engineer, master. His main research interests cover design and assessment of environment of traffic engineering. E-mail：xyang8000@163.com
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2023A1515030169);Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(202201010338)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

眩光现象导致驾驶人员短暂失明，影响驾驶员决策，增加交通事故的风险。对于铁路和公路平行或交叉的路段，铁路列车产生的眩光会对临近公路行车安全产生影响。为系统解决此问题，开发了一个用于铁路和公路平行或交叉线路上列车眩光的三维模拟和评价方法，以此分析列车眩光对于临近公路行车安全的影响及确定所需防眩设施的位置和高度。通过AutoCAD的二次开发技术将铁路、公路路段数据离散和整合，将图纸上平、立、剖面二维线路数据整合为三维数据，实现二维数据模型到三维数据模型的转化。以三维数据模型为基础，考虑列车灯光源及公路上机动车驾驶员视线的空间三维位置关系，根据眩光计算理论，对整个线路实施列车眩光的三维模拟及评价，从而实现了线路防眩设施位置和高度确定的自动化。最后，通过算例验证了本文眩光三维仿真技术及眩光自动评估方案的准确性。

关键词: 三维仿真, 光屏障, 眩光分析, 公路、铁路平行

Abstract:

Glare is a serious issue that can cause momentary blindness among drivers, leading to poor decision-making and a higher risk of traffic accidents. In addition, for parallel or crossing sections of railways and highways, the glare produced by railway trains can also affect the safety of nearby road traffic. In order to address this problem systematically, a 3D simulation and evaluation method was developed for train glare on parallel or intersecting railways and highways. This method analyzed the impact of train glare on nearby road traffic safety, identifying the height and location of necessary glare reduction facilities. Firstly, the data of railway and highway sections were discretized and integrated using the secondary development technology of AutoCAD. The two-dimensional line data on the plan were then integrated into three-dimensional data, thus realizing the transformation from the two-dimensional data model to a three-dimensional data model. Based on the resulting 3D data model, the spatial position relationship between train light source and the driver’s line of sight on the highway was considered. Using the glare calculation theory, the 3D simulation and evaluation of train glare was conducted for the entire line, thereby automating the height and location of glare reduction facilities on the line. Finally, the accuracy of both the 3D simulation technology for glare and the automatic evaluation scheme was verified by numerical examples.

Key words: 3D simulation, light barrier, glare analysis, parallel railway and highway

中图分类号:

TP391

许阳, 张良涛, 王振刚, 张刘俊, 吴思远, 邓逸川, 宋杰. 基于三维仿真的公路、铁路平行或交叉路段防眩设施自动评估[J]. 图学学报, 2023, 44(4): 818-827.

XU Yang, ZHANG Liang-tao, WANG Zhen-gang, ZHANG Liu-jun, WU Si-yuan, DENG Yi-chuan, SONG Jie. Research on key technologies of automatic evaluation and design of road light barriers based on 3D simulation[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2023, 44(4): 818-827.

图/表 15

图1 眩光效果示意图

Fig. 1 Diagram of glare effect

图2 某同层公路、铁路两用跨海大桥

Fig. 2 A sea crossing bridge for both highway and railway on the same floor

图3 技术路线图

Fig. 3 The Process diagram of technical route

图4 铁路、公路多段线等步长离散过程

Fig. 4 Discrete process with equal step length for railway and highway polyline

图5 照射角度与照射距离

Fig. 5 Irradiation angle and irradiation distance

图6 列车光源与公路的位置关系((a)列车光源与公路位置示意；(b)列车光源照射公路空间示意)

Fig. 6 Position relationship between train light and highway point ((a) Diagram of train light source and road location; (b) Diagram of train light source and highway illumination)

图7 列车光源主光轴下俯角计算示意图

Fig. 7 Diagram for calculating the downward angle of main optical axis of the train light source

图8 三维点集眩光评价计算结果展示

Fig. 8 Display of glare evaluation calculation results for 3D point sets

图9 防眩设施计算位置展示图

Fig. 9 Diagram of calculating location of light barrier

图10 防眩设施计算高度展示((a)例1；(b)例2)

Fig. 10 Diagram for calculating the height of light barrier ((a) Example 1; (b) Example 2)

图11 眩光分析程序进行眩光分析计算界面展示

Fig. 11 Interface of glare analysis program

图12 路段眩光分析计算结果详细信息展示

Fig. 12 Detailed information display of road section glare analysis and calculation results

图13 眩光分析计算界面展示

Fig. 13 Glare analysis and calculation interface display

图14 眩光分析结果切换三维视觉展示

Fig. 14 Glare analysis results 3D visual display

表1 计算位置点结果对照表

Table 1 Comparison table of calculation location point results

参数	第1组	第2组	第3组	第4组
公路点	17516.350， 12923.288，29.596	17742.843， 13116.269，27.135	18072.820， 13397.424，22.079	20399.299， 14789.960，27.966
公路点里程值	ZK15+360.00	ZK15+053.00	ZK14+620.00	ZK11+900.00
下一公路点	17514.398， 12921.624，29.596	17740.891， 13114.606，27.165	18070.868， 13395.760，22.109	20397.002， 14788.818，27.893
灯光点	17171.534， 12637.617，32.959	17643.035， 13040.159，29.054	17806.173， 13179.135，26.553	19991.664， 14595.204，20.336
灯光点里程值	DK30+982.000	DK30+360.000	DK30+146.000	DK27.520
下一灯光点	17174.406， 12640.146，32.936	17645.948， 13042.641，29.009	17809.087， 13181.617，26.508	19995.091， 14596.906，20.337
公路点与灯光距离d (m)	447.79	125.53	344.63	451.83
水平夹角(°)	1.73	3.1	1.12	0.87
垂直夹角(°)	-0.43	-0.88	-0.74	0.97
光强度值占比(%)	10.33	4.12	19.68	21.91
偏光角θ (°)	0.91	3.11	1.14	1.12
计算阈值增量Ti	109.03	46.43	209.83	143.47
备注说明	109.03>10 (眩光)	46.43>10 (眩光)	209.83>10 (眩光)	143.47>10 (眩光)
公路点迭代计算最大阈值增量	204.38	414.92	370.27	146.66
产生最大阈值光源位置	17238.109， 12695.193，32.444	17360.456， 12799.433，31.504	17689.646， 13079.866，28.339	20005.373， 14602.014，20.352
产生最大阈值距离d (m)	359.8	496.61	497.7	436.53
水平夹角(°)	1.13	0.78	0.78	0.91
垂直夹角(°)	-0.45	-0.5	-0.72	1
光强度值占比(%)	22.14	35.74	30.01	20.9
偏光角θ (°)	1.17	0.8	0.78	1.12

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基于三维仿真的公路、铁路平行或交叉路段防眩设施自动评估

Research on key technologies of automatic evaluation and design of road light barriers based on 3D simulation

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