基于语义工艺知识的驱动桥装配序列规划研究

doi:10.11996/JG.j.2095-302X.2024030564

图学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 564-574.DOI: 10.11996/JG.j.2095-302X.2024030564

基于语义工艺知识的驱动桥装配序列规划研究

王刚锋¹(), 张寰¹, 刘思濛¹(), 岳萍², 张栋¹

1.长安大学道路施工技术与装备教育部重点实验室，陕西西安 710064
2.国营四达机械制造公司，陕西咸阳 712200

收稿日期:2023-10-10 接受日期:2024-01-25 出版日期:2024-06-30 发布日期:2024-06-12
通讯作者:刘思濛(1988-)，女，工程师，博士。主要研究方向为先进制造技术、CAD/CAM。E-mail：liusimeng@chd.edu.cn
第一作者:王刚锋(1983-)，男，高级工程师，博士。主要研究方向为数字化设计与制造、工程机械智能化。E-mail：wanggf@chd.edu.cn
基金资助:
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JM-073);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JQ-515);陕西省“十四五”教育科学规划课题(SGH22Y1274);教育部产学合作协同育人项目(230802436213147)

Research on drive axle assembly sequence planning based on semantic process knowledge

WANG Gangfeng¹(), ZHANG Huan¹, LIU Simeng¹(), YUE Ping², ZHANG Dong¹

1. Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology and Equipment of MOE, Chang'an University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710064, China
2. State Sida Machinery Manufacturing Company, Xianyang Shaanxi 712200, China

Received:2023-10-10 Accepted:2024-01-25 Published:2024-06-30 Online:2024-06-12
First author：WANG Gangfeng (1983-), senior engineer, Ph.D. His main research interests cover digital design and manufacturing, intelligent construction machinery. E-mail：wanggf@chd.edu.cn
Supported by:
Natural Science Basic Research Project of Shaanxi Province(2019JM-073);Natural Science Basic Research Project of Shaanxi Province(2022JQ-515);Educational Scientific Planning Project of the 14th Five-Year Plan of Shaanxi Province(SGH22Y1274);Collaborative Education Project of Industry-University Cooperation of the Ministry of Education(230802436213147)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对工程机械驱动桥装配序列规划中缺乏基于知识的推理决策，难以实现复杂产品智能化装配的问题，提出一种基于语义工艺知识的装配序列规划方法。构建了驱动桥装配语义工艺知识信息模型，表达子装配体层级结构信息、属性信息和装配语义信息。通过建立装配序列规划本体，并将SWRL规则引入装配本体，研究了工艺知识的语义表示和推理决策。采用Neo4j构建驱动桥工艺知识图谱，实现了典型结构子装配体装配序列快速识别。通过量化零件几何、物理属性和装配工艺信息对装配效率的影响，生成装配权重序列，并利用SWRL规则迭代修正形成非典型结构子装配体装配序列。以某型号压路机驱动桥装配序列生成与仿真，验证了该方法的可行性，为知识驱动的复杂产品装配序列规划提供参考。

关键词: 装配序列规划, 驱动桥, 本体建模, 规则推理, 知识图谱

Abstract:

In response to the lack of knowledge-based reasoning and decision-making in the assembly sequence planning of construction machinery drive axles, which makes it difficult to realize intelligent assembly of complex products, a method for assembly sequence planning based on semantic process knowledge was proposed. The semantic process knowledge information model of the drive axle assembly was constructed to express the hierarchical structure information, attribute information, and assembly semantic information of sub-assemblies. By establishing an assembly sequence planning ontology and introducing semantics web rule language (SWRL) rules into the assembly ontology, the semantic representation and reasoning and decision-making of process knowledge were studied. The process knowledge graph of the drive axle was constructed using Neo4j, and the assembly sequence of typical structural sub-assemblies was quickly identified. By quantifying the influence of geometric properties, physical properties, and assembly process information of parts on assembly efficiency, the assembly weight sequence was generated, and the assembly sequence of atypical structure sub-assemblies was iteratively modified by SWRL rules. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method was verified by generating and simulating the assembly sequence of the drive axle of a certain model of road roller, providing a reference for knowledge-driven complex product assembly sequence planning.

Key words: assembly sequence planning, drive axle, ontology modeling, rule-based reasoning, knowledge graph

中图分类号:

TP391

王刚锋, 张寰, 刘思濛, 岳萍, 张栋. 基于语义工艺知识的驱动桥装配序列规划研究[J]. 图学学报, 2024, 45(3): 564-574.

WANG Gangfeng, ZHANG Huan, LIU Simeng, YUE Ping, ZHANG Dong. Research on drive axle assembly sequence planning based on semantic process knowledge[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2024, 45(3): 564-574.

图/表 15

参考文献 20

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序号	SWRL规则	描述
Rule-1	Has_Assembly_Constraint (?x, ar_1:partially_constraint) ->Has_Assembly_Relationship(?x, ar:assembly_relationship)	对于某个零件是否含有装配约束中的部分约束ar_1: partially_constraint，如果有该部分约束，即推理该零件具有装配约束关系
Rule-2	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:concentric) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:concentric) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含同心装配约束ar_2: concentric特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-3	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:alignment) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:alignment) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含接触对齐ar_2: alignment特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-4	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:angel) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:angel) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含角度ar_2: angel特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-5	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:fixed) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:fixed) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含固定约束ar_2: fixed特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-6	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:lock) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:lock) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含锁定约束ar_2: lock特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-7	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:vertical) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:vertical) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含垂直约束ar_2: vertical特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-8	Has_Part_Type(?x, pt:shaft) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:alignment) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?x, prior_assembly)	某个零件属于轴系零件时，且有接触对齐约束ar_2: alignment特征时，则该零件优先装配
Rule-9	Has_Assembly_Relationship(?x, ag:assembly_group) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?x, prior_assembly)	某个零件有非本装配体的装配关系ag: assembly_group，则该零件有优先装配关系

序号	SWRL规则	描述
Rule-1	Has_Assembly_Constraint (?x, ar_1:partially_constraint) ->Has_Assembly_Relationship(?x, ar:assembly_relationship)	对于某个零件是否含有装配约束中的部分约束ar_1: partially_constraint，如果有该部分约束，即推理该零件具有装配约束关系
Rule-2	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:concentric) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:concentric) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含同心装配约束ar_2: concentric特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-3	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:alignment) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:alignment) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含接触对齐ar_2: alignment特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-4	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:angel) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:angel) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含角度ar_2: angel特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-5	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:fixed) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:fixed) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含固定约束ar_2: fixed特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-6	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:lock) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:lock) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含锁定约束ar_2: lock特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-7	Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:vertical) ^ Has_Same_Feature_Position(?x, ?y) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?y, ar_2:vertical) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?y, neighbourship)	2个零件在具有相同几何面特征关系时，还包含垂直约束ar_2: vertical特征时，即具有毗邻关系
Rule-8	Has_Part_Type(?x, pt:shaft) ^ Has_Mating_Constraint(?x, ar_2:alignment) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?x, prior_assembly)	某个零件属于轴系零件时，且有接触对齐约束ar_2: alignment特征时，则该零件优先装配
Rule-9	Has_Assembly_Relationship(?x, ag:assembly_group) ->Has_Sequential_Order(?x, prior_assembly)	某个零件有非本装配体的装配关系ag: assembly_group，则该零件有优先装配关系

名称	数值	特征值f(x_m)	名称	装配工艺信息	特征值f(x_n)
质量(M)/kg	0~0.2	1-5M	约束形式	共轴/距离/插入	0.6
	0.2~5.0	0		共向	0.45
	5.0~10.0	0.2M-1		螺栓连接	0.5
	>10.0	1		铆接/焊接	1
尺寸(S)/mm	0~50	1-0.02S	配合形式	间隙配合	0
	50~500	0		过渡配合	0.05T (力矩/kN·m)
	>500	1.25-0.0005S		过盈配合	1
数量(Q)/个	1~2	0	装配操作方式	零件被平放在某零件上	0.2
	3~4	0.2Q		零件被装填在某零件上	0.4
	3~4	0.2Q		零件被配对在某零件上	0.6
	>5	1		零件被插入在某零件上	0.8
	>5	1		零件被扭在某零件上	1

名称	数值	特征值f(x_m)	名称	装配工艺信息	特征值f(x_n)
质量(M)/kg	0~0.2	1-5M	约束形式	共轴/距离/插入	0.6
	0.2~5.0	0		共向	0.45
	5.0~10.0	0.2M-1		螺栓连接	0.5
	>10.0	1		铆接/焊接	1
尺寸(S)/mm	0~50	1-0.02S	配合形式	间隙配合	0
	50~500	0		过渡配合	0.05T (力矩/kN·m)
	>500	1.25-0.0005S		过盈配合	1
数量(Q)/个	1~2	0	装配操作方式	零件被平放在某零件上	0.2
	3~4	0.2Q		零件被装填在某零件上	0.4
	3~4	0.2Q		零件被配对在某零件上	0.6
	>5	1		零件被插入在某零件上	0.8
	>5	1		零件被扭在某零件上	1

基于语义工艺知识的驱动桥装配序列规划研究

Research on drive axle assembly sequence planning based on semantic process knowledge

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