历史人物群体对比可视化

doi:10.11996/JG.j.2095-302X.2023061227

图学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 1227-1238.DOI: 10.11996/JG.j.2095-302X.2023061227

• 计算机图形学与虚拟现实 • 上一篇下一篇

历史人物群体对比可视化

陈逸天¹(), 张玮¹, 谭思危¹, 朱融晨¹, 王毅超¹, 朱闽峰², 陈为¹^,³()

1.浙江大学计算机辅助设计与图形系统全国重点实验室，浙江杭州 310058
2.浙江大学软件学院，浙江杭州 310058
3.浙江大学艺术与考古图像数据实验室，浙江杭州 310058

收稿日期:2023-06-28 接受日期:2023-07-24 出版日期:2023-12-31 发布日期:2023-12-17
通讯作者: 陈为(1976-)，男，教授，博士。主要研究方向为可视化和可视分析等。E-mail：chenvis@zju.edu.cn
作者简介:
陈逸天(2000-)，男，硕士研究生。主要研究方向为可视分析和数字人文。E-mail：oscarchen@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(226-2022-00235);国家自然科学基金重点项目(62132017)

Visualization comparison of historical figures cohorts

CHEN Yi-tian¹(), ZHANG Wei¹, TAN Si-wei¹, ZHU Rong-chen¹, WANG Yi-chao¹, ZHU Min-feng², CHEN Wei¹^,³()

1. State Key Laboratory of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
2. School of Software Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
3. Laboratory of Art and Archaeology Image, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China

Received:2023-06-28 Accepted:2023-07-24 Online:2023-12-31 Published:2023-12-17
Contact: CHEN Wei (1976-), professor, Ph.D. His main research interests cover visualization and visual analysis, etc. E-mail：chenvis@zju.edu.cn
About author:
CHEN Yi-tian (2000-), master student. His main research interests cover visual analysis and digital humanities.
E-mail：oscarchen@zju.edu.cn
Supported by:
Special Fund for Basic Research Business of Central Universities(226-2022-00235);National Natural Science Foundation Key Project(62132017)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在历史研究中，历史人物的群体对比具有重要意义。人们希望从历史人物的各种特征中提炼出群体之间的异同，以更深入地理解历史事件。然而，现有的可视化系统主要聚焦于单个群体的探索和内部差异，缺乏群体间层次的对比。为了填补这一空白，提出了一种历史人物群体对比视觉分析方法，从结构化的历史人物数据中抽取并可视化历史人物群体特征，以多个维度进行群体对比。开发了一个交互式的可视化系统，采用基于花朵的视觉隐喻来编码群体的多元特征，历史学家可以交互地探索群体，并研究不同群体之间的相关性和异同。经过历史学家的使用反馈评估以及案例的分析，历史人物群体对比可视化系统被证实是进行群体对比研究的有效工具，并能从中获得有关历史事件的深入洞察。

关键词: 可视化分析, 历史群体对比, 知识图谱, 历史人物, 数字人文

Abstract:

In the realm of historical research, conducting cohort comparisons among historical figures holds great significance. It is aspired to extract similarities and differences between cohorts based on the various characteristics of historical figures, thereby gaining a deeper understanding of historical events. However, existing visualization systems predominantly concentrate on exploring single cohorts and their internal differences, neglecting the hierarchical comparisons between cohorts. In order to bridge this gap, a visual analysis method was proposed for comparing cohorts of historical figures. The proposed approach involved the extraction and visualization of the characteristics of historical figure cohorts, leveraging structured historical figure data to facilitate multi-dimensional cohort comparisons. We have developed an interactive visualization system that employed flower-based visual metaphors to encode the diverse features of these cohorts. Historians could interactively explore cohorts and study the correlations, similarities, and differences among various cohorts. Following feedback evaluations by historians and case analyses, the historical figure cohort comparison visualization system has demonstrated its effectiveness as a robust tool for cohort comparison research. Through this system, historians can obtain in-depth insights into historical events.

Key words: visual analysis, historical cohort comparison, knowledge graph, historical figures, digital humanities

中图分类号:

TP391

陈逸天, 张玮, 谭思危, 朱融晨, 王毅超, 朱闽峰, 陈为. 历史人物群体对比可视化[J]. 图学学报, 2023, 44(6): 1227-1238.

CHEN Yi-tian, ZHANG Wei, TAN Si-wei, ZHU Rong-chen, WANG Yi-chao, ZHU Min-feng, CHEN Wei. Visualization comparison of historical figures cohorts[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2023, 44(6): 1227-1238.

图/表 10

图1 本文分析工作流包括4个阶段((a)确定群体范围；(b)提取群体特征；(c)多维度群体对比；(d)获得见解)

Fig. 1 Our analysis workflow consists of four stages ((a) Determining the cohort range; (b) Extracting cohort features; (c) Multi-dimensional cohort comparison; (d) Obtaining insights)

图2 知识图谱中描述实体和概念之间关系的网络

Fig. 2 A network describing the relationship between entities and concepts in the knowledge graph

图3 从元路径中提取出描述性序列((a)元路径实例；(b)关于苏轼的实例)

Fig. 3 Extract a descriptive sequence from the meta path ((a) Eexample of meta path; (b) Examples about Su Shi)

图4 系统展示((a)人物搜索视图；(b)群体分析视图；(c)群体对比视图；(d)描述列表视图)

Fig. 4 System overview ((a) The person search view; (b) The cohort analysis view; (c) The cohort comparison view; (d) The description list view)

图5 特征分析((a)分类器解释；(b)群体特征对比)

Fig. 5 Feature analysis ((a) Classifier interpretation; (b) Cohort feature comparison)

图6 描述探索视图在单群体和群体对比时的不同表现((a)单群体时的人物时间轴；(b)群体对比时的人物时间轴；(c)单群体时的人物轨迹；(d)群体对比时的人物轨迹。红色代表群体1独有的人物，蓝色代表群体2独有的人物，绿色代表群体1和2的重合人物)

Fig. 6 Different representations of the exploratory views in single cohort and cohort comparison ((a) Person timeline in single cohort; (b) Person timeline in cohort comparison; (c) Person trajectory in single cohort; (d) Person trajectory in cohort comparison. Red represents the unique figures of Cohort 1, blue represents the unique figures of Cohort 2, and green represents the overlapping figures of Cohort 1 and 2)

图7 理学家群体和反理学家群体的探索过程(其中花卉1是以韩侂胄周围的人物构建的初始群体；花卉2和花卉3分别是韩侂胄的政治对抗群体和政治奥援群体；花卉4是韩侂胄的政治对抗群体中关系紧密的群体；花卉5是既支持过韩侂胄又反对过他的群体)

Fig. 7 The exploration process of Neo-Confucianism Cohort and anti-Neo-Confucianism Cohort (Flower 1 is the initial cohort constructed by the figures around Han Tuozhou. Flower 2 and Flower 3 are Han's political opposition cohort and political aid cohort. Flower 4 is a closely related cohort in Han's political opposition cohort. Flower 5 is a cohort that has both supported and opposed Han)

图8 以韩侂胄周围的人物构建的初始群体的部分群体特征(左下角展示了4个特征在特征分析视图中的分布位置。(1-1)为韩侂胄-政治对抗特征；(1-2)为韩侂胄-政治奥援特征；(1-3)为中枢机构类部门特征；(1-4)为中书省特征)

Fig. 8 A part of feature of the initial cohort constructed by the characters around Han Tuozhou (The lower left corner displays the distribution positions of 4 features in the feature analysis view. (1-1) is the feature of political confrontation in Han Tuozhou; (1-2) is the feature of political support in Han Tuozhou; (1-3) is the feature of central institutional departments; (1-4) is the feature of the Central Secretariat)

图9 从3个视图中寻找政治上反对韩侂胄的人物线索((a)特征分析视图；(b)人物时间线；(c)人际事件)

Fig. 9 Searching for clues of figures who oppose Han Tuozhou politically in three views ((a) Feature analysis view; (b) Person timeline; (c) Interpersonal events)

图10 理学群体和反理学群体的特征比较(对比展示了4个群体特征的人物占比和分布异同：宋朝-地方官特征，婺州-两浙东路特征，进士特征，文官特征)

Fig. 10 Feature comparison between Neo-Confucianism Cohort and anti-Neo-Confucianism Cohort (The comparison of the figure proportion and distribution similarities and differences of the following 4 cohort features: Song Dynasty local official features, Wuzhou Liangzhe dong road features, Jinshi features, and civil servant features)

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历史人物群体对比可视化

Visualization comparison of historical figures cohorts

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