数字孪生在航空航天结构设计、制造和运维中的应用与展望

doi:10.11996/JG.j.2095-302X.2024020241

图学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 241-249.DOI: 10.11996/JG.j.2095-302X.2024020241

• 数字化设计与制造专刊 • 上一篇下一篇

数字孪生在航空航天结构设计、制造和运维中的应用与展望

黄文恺¹(), 梁智洪¹, 王明华¹, 张文丰², 王奕首¹()

1.厦门大学航空航天学院，福建厦门 361000
2.上海宇航系统工程研究所，上海 201108

收稿日期:2024-01-05 修回日期:2024-01-27 出版日期:2024-04-30 发布日期:2024-04-29
通讯作者: 王奕首(1978-)，男，教授，博士。主要研究方向为结构健康监测、发动机健康管理、先进传感技术、信息融合和机器学习。E-mail：wangys@xmu.edu.cn
作者简介:黄文恺(1996-)，男，硕士研究生。主要研究方向为结构健康监测与数字孪生。E-mail：35120211151564@stu.xmu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国防基础科研计划重大项目;国家自然科学基金项目(U2141245)

Application and prospect of digital twin in the design, manufacturing, and operation of aerospace structures

HUANG Wenkai¹(), LIANG Zhihong¹, WANG Minghua¹, ZHANG Wenfeng², WANG Yishou¹()

1. School of Aerospace Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen Fujian 361000, China
2. Shanghai Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering, Shanghai 201108, China

Received:2024-01-05 Revised:2024-01-27 Online:2024-04-30 Published:2024-04-29
Contact: WANG Yishou (1978-), professor, Ph.D. His main research interests cover structural health monitoring, engine health management, advanced sensing technology, information fusion and machine learning. E-mail：wangys@xmu.edu.cn
About author:HUANG Wenkai (1996-), master student. His main research interests cover structure health monitoring and digital twin. E-mail：35120211151564@stu.xmu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Major Projects of National Defense Basic Scientific Research Programs;National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2141245)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

数字孪生技术应用于航空航天领域是当前和未来的重要发展趋势，采取虚实结合方式模拟航空航天结构在不同工作状态下的行为和性能演化，可为结构的优化设计、高效率制造和低成本维护提供全方位的支持。综述了数字孪生在航空航天结构全生命周期管理中的应用现状，总结了航空航天结构数字孪生存在的问题、挑战和发展趋势。

关键词: 数字孪生, 航空航天, 结构健康监测, 结构设计制造, 智能运维

Abstract:

The application of digital twin technology in the aerospace field is an important development trend at present and in the future. In a virtual-real way, the digital twin simulates the behavior and performance evolution of aerospace structures under different working conditions. The digital twin technology can provide comprehensive support for structural optimization design, high-efficiency manufacturing, and low-cost maintenance of aerospace equipment. This paper reviews the application status of digital twins in the whole life cycle management of aerospace structures, and summarizes the problems, challenges, and development trends of digital twins in aerospace structures.

Key words: digital twin, aerospace, structural health monitoring, structure design and manufacturing, intelligent operation and maintenance

中图分类号:

TH701

黄文恺, 梁智洪, 王明华, 张文丰, 王奕首. 数字孪生在航空航天结构设计、制造和运维中的应用与展望[J]. 图学学报, 2024, 45(2): 241-249.

HUANG Wenkai, LIANG Zhihong, WANG Minghua, ZHANG Wenfeng, WANG Yishou. Application and prospect of digital twin in the design, manufacturing, and operation of aerospace structures[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2024, 45(2): 241-249.

图/表 9

图1 数字孪生在机械制造领域的实现模型

Fig. 1 Implementation model of digital twin in the mechanical manufacturing field

图2 传统设计过程与虚拟样机设计过程的比较

Fig. 2 Comparison between traditional design process and virtual prototyping design process

图3 航空航天结构领域数字孪生的应用((a)巴里船桥健康监测系统架构；(b)应用DFPA架构来测量子弹的轨迹和速度；(c)结合红外加热和数字图像相关技术的非接触式高温变形测量系统示意图；(d)光纤光栅传感器的阵列可以嵌入复合材料中，利用“应变成像”来定位和评估损伤的应变梯度；(e)主动热成像和三维结构光学成像实验设置照片)

Fig. 3 Applications of digital twin in the aerospace structures field ((a) Architecture for health monitoring system for the commodore barry bridge; (b) Using the DFPA architecture to measure the trajectory and velocity of the bullet; (c) Schematic drawing of the non-contact high-temperature deformation measuring system by combining infrared heating and digital image correlation technique; (d) Arrays of fiber grating sensors may be embedded into composites and strain gradients used to localize and assess damage via “strain imaging”; (e) Photograph of the active thermography and the three-dimensional (3D) structural optical imaging experimental setups)

图4 基于数字孪生的火箭框环拉弯回弹预测方法

Fig. 4 Prediction method of rocket ring bending resilience based on digital twin

图5 基于数字孪生的结构设计技术示意图

Fig. 5 Schematic diagram of structural design technology based on digital twin

图6 基于数字孪生的卫星装备设计实例流程

Fig. 6 Example process of satellite equipment design based on digital twin

图7 喷气发动机风扇叶片数字孪生模型与制造实体映射图

Fig. 7 Digital twin model and manufacturing entity mapping of jet engine fan blades

图8 数字孪生机体概念模型寿命预测功能示意图

Fig. 8 Conceptual model of digital twin body with life prediction function

图9 航空航天装备运行维护数字孪生系统

Fig. 9 Digital twin system for operation and maintenance of aerospace equipment

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数字孪生在航空航天结构设计、制造和运维中的应用与展望

Application and prospect of digital twin in the design, manufacturing, and operation of aerospace structures

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