Research on the interactive map design of Shaanxi intangible cultural heritage dough figurines driven by knowledge graph

doi:10.11996/JG.j.2095-302X.2026040904

Abstract

Abstract:

To address practical challenges in Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) transmission, such as high cognitive costs, fragmented knowledge systems, and the easy loss of cultural information, a knowledge graph-driven interactive map design method was proposed using Shaanxi dough figurines as a representative case. First, a domain ontology was constructed that covered thirteen types of entity relationships, including inheritors, artworks, techniques, ritual occasions, visual symbols, social meanings, and geographical information, and spatial attribute specifications were incorporated to support geographic retrieval and spatial analysis. Second, a hybrid information extraction framework combining Aho-Corasick dictionary-matching rule templates with a domain-adaptive BERT model was proposed. This framework enabled joint extraction of entities and relations with confidence fusion on small-sample corpora, achieving F1 scores of 0.88 for entity recognition and 0.84 for relation extraction, outperforming both single-rule and single deep-learning models. Subsequently, a knowledge graph of Shaanxi dough figurines integrated with spatial indexes was established, utilizing Neo4j for triplet storage, entity linking, and associative querying. Finally, an interactive navigation map system featuring deep integration of the knowledge graph with geographic information was developed. This system enabled multi-dimensional querying and spatial analysis, including the inheritor distribution, artwork provenance, and technique transmission, while supporting dynamic maintenance of the graph data through addition, deletion, and modification operations. This study constructed an end-to-end solution encompassing knowledge extraction, modeling, storage, and visualization for ICH, effectively enhancing the precision of knowledge organization and the experience of spatial dissemination, thereby providing a reusable practical paradigm for similar ICH projects.

Key words: intangible cultural heritage dough figurines, interactive map, knowledge graph, semantic modeling, information extraction

CLC Number:

TS971
TP391

BAI Xiaobo, YU Yaqing, QIN Song. Research on the interactive map design of Shaanxi intangible cultural heritage dough figurines driven by knowledge graph[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2026, 47(4): 904-914.

Figures/Tables 10

References 24

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模板类别	核心关系谓词	典型实体类型约束	目的
制作关系	制作、使用技法、使用材料、使用工具	${{D}_{1}}\to {{D}_{5}}$ ${{D}_{1}}\to {{D}_{4}}/{{D}_{6}}/{{D}_{7}}$	刻画人与技法、材料、工具与作品的工艺链条
时空关系	流行于、使用于、发生于	${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{13}}$ ${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{8}}$ ${{D}_{9}}\to {{D}_{13}}/{{D}_{8}}$	检索作品的分布地域、使用时间及存在语境
形态符号关系	具有特征、装饰纹样	${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{11}}$ ${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{2}}$	链接作品与视觉符号、形态风格
功能意义关系	用于、象征、具有功能	${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{3}}/{{D}_{9}}$ ${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{12}}$	建立作品、纹样与场合、意义之间的语义关联
传承关系	师从、传承于	${{D}_{1}}\to {{D}_{1}}$ ${{D}_{1}}\to {{D}_{11}}$	记录技艺的传承脉络与空间依附
文献关系	记载于、来源于	${{D}_{1}}/{{D}_{5}}/{{D}_{9}}\to {{D}_{11}}$	记录技艺的传承脉络与知识来源

模板类别	核心关系谓词	典型实体类型约束	目的
制作关系	制作、使用技法、使用材料、使用工具	${{D}_{1}}\to {{D}_{5}}$ ${{D}_{1}}\to {{D}_{4}}/{{D}_{6}}/{{D}_{7}}$	刻画人与技法、材料、工具与作品的工艺链条
时空关系	流行于、使用于、发生于	${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{13}}$ ${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{8}}$ ${{D}_{9}}\to {{D}_{13}}/{{D}_{8}}$	检索作品的分布地域、使用时间及存在语境
形态符号关系	具有特征、装饰纹样	${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{11}}$ ${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{2}}$	链接作品与视觉符号、形态风格
功能意义关系	用于、象征、具有功能	${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{3}}/{{D}_{9}}$ ${{D}_{5}}\to {{D}_{12}}$	建立作品、纹样与场合、意义之间的语义关联
传承关系	师从、传承于	${{D}_{1}}\to {{D}_{1}}$ ${{D}_{1}}\to {{D}_{11}}$	记录技艺的传承脉络与空间依附
文献关系	记载于、来源于	${{D}_{1}}/{{D}_{5}}/{{D}_{9}}\to {{D}_{11}}$	记录技艺的传承脉络与知识来源

方法	P	R	F1
BL(BiLSTM-CRF)	0.78	0.73	0.75
DL(BERT-CRF)	0.84	0.80	0.82
R(词典 + Aho-Corasick)	0.92	0.67	0.78
R+DL(本文混合方法)	0.90	0.85	0.88

方法	P	R	F1
BL(BiLSTM-CRF)	0.78	0.73	0.75
DL(BERT-CRF)	0.84	0.80	0.82
R(词典 + Aho-Corasick)	0.92	0.67	0.78
R+DL(本文混合方法)	0.90	0.85	0.88

方法	P	R	F1
DL(BERT关系分类)	0.79	0.73	0.76
R(规则模板抽取)	0.89	0.64	0.75
R+DL(本文混合方法)	0.86	0.82	0.84