The effect of spatial location of HUD’s road guidance on novice drivers

doi:10.11996/JG.j.2095-302X.2024040856

Abstract

Abstract:

This study investigated the effects of different spatial locations of road guides, road types, intersection turns, traffic flow, and time periods on the driving stability and mental load of novice drivers in steering scenarios. Using a virtual driving simulation platform, mixed orthogonal tests were conducted with factors including road guide spatial locations, road types, intersection turns, traffic flow, and time periods. The test indexes included the standard deviation of the steering wheel turning angle and the pupil coefficient of variation. Using range analysis and interaction comparison of the test results, the optimal factor level combination was determined and analyzed. The results showed that the primary factors affecting driving stability were, in order of importance: intersection types, time periods, road guide spatial locations, and traffic flow. For mental load, the factors ranked as: road guide spatial locations, time periods, intersection types, and traffic flow. The spatial locations of road guidance, as a design element of head-up display (HUD) road guidance, either promoted or interfered with driver stability while consistently reducing mental load. These findings provided a reference for the design of information related to HUD road guidance, significantly contributing to HUD information design research and urban road driving research.

Key words: novice drivers, HUD, orthogonal experimental, driving stability, mental load

CLC Number:

TP391
U491

WANG Fenghong, CHEN Dailin, GAO Ziting, WEN Zhaocheng. The effect of spatial location of HUD’s road guidance on novice drivers[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2024, 45(4): 856-867.

Figures/Tables 17

References 47

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因素A：道路指引空间位置	因素B：路口类型	因素C：车流量	因素D：时间段
A1悬浮空中的箭头	B1三岔路口左转	C1车流量小	D1白天
A2贴合地面的箭头	B2三岔路口右转	C2车流量大	D2黑夜
A3无道路引导	B3十字路口左转
	B4十字路口右转
	B5环形道路右转

因素A：道路指引空间位置	因素B：路口类型	因素C：车流量	因素D：时间段
A1悬浮空中的箭头	B1三岔路口左转	C1车流量小	D1白天
A2贴合地面的箭头	B2三岔路口右转	C2车流量大	D2黑夜
A3无道路引导	B3十字路口左转
	B4十字路口右转
	B5环形道路右转

试验号	因素列				驾驶情境描述
试验号	A	B	C	D	驾驶情境描述
1	1	4	2	1	悬浮空中的箭头、十字路口右转、车流量大、白天
2	1	1	1	1	悬浮空中的箭头、三岔路口左转、车流量小、白天
3	1	1	1	2	悬浮空中的箭头、三岔路口左转、车流量小、黑夜
4	1	5	1	2	悬浮空中的箭头、环形道路右转、车流量小、黑夜
5	1	2	1	2	悬浮空中的箭头、三岔路口右转、车流量小、黑夜
6	1	3	2	2	悬浮空中的箭头、十字路口左转、车流量大、黑夜
7	1	4	1	1	悬浮空中的箭头、十字路口右转、车流量小、白天
8	1	3	1	1	悬浮空中的箭头、十字路口左转、车流量小、白天
9	1	5	2	1	悬浮空中的箭头、环形道路右转、车流量大、白天
10	1	2	2	1	悬浮空中的箭头、三岔路口右转、车流量大、白天
11	2	4	1	2	贴合地面的箭头、十字路口右转、车流量小、黑夜
12	2	1	1	2	贴合地面的箭头、三岔路口左转、车流量小、黑夜
13	2	2	1	1	贴合地面的箭头、三岔路口右转、车流量小、白天
14	2	5	1	1	贴合地面的箭头、环形道路右转、车流量小、白天
15	2	4	1	1	贴合地面的箭头、十字路口右转、车流量小、白天
16	2	3	1	1	贴合地面的箭头、十字路口左转、车流量小、白天
17	2	5	2	1	贴合地面的箭头、环形道路右转、车流量大、白天
18	2	3	2	2	贴合地面的箭头、十字路口左转、车流量大、黑夜
19	2	1	2	1	贴合地面的箭头、三岔路口左转、车流量大、白天
20	2	2	2	2	贴合地面的箭头、三岔路口右转、车流量大、黑夜
21	3	4	2	2	无道路引导、十字路口右转、车流量大、黑夜
22	3	2	1	1	无道路引导、三岔路口右转、车流量小、白天
23	3	3	1	1	无道路引导、十字路口左转、车流量小、白天
24	3	1	2	1	无道路引导、三岔路口左转、车流量大、白天
25	3	5	1	2	无道路引导、环形道路右转、车流量小、黑夜

试验号	因素列				驾驶情境描述
试验号	A	B	C	D	驾驶情境描述
1	1	4	2	1	悬浮空中的箭头、十字路口右转、车流量大、白天
2	1	1	1	1	悬浮空中的箭头、三岔路口左转、车流量小、白天
3	1	1	1	2	悬浮空中的箭头、三岔路口左转、车流量小、黑夜
4	1	5	1	2	悬浮空中的箭头、环形道路右转、车流量小、黑夜
5	1	2	1	2	悬浮空中的箭头、三岔路口右转、车流量小、黑夜
6	1	3	2	2	悬浮空中的箭头、十字路口左转、车流量大、黑夜
7	1	4	1	1	悬浮空中的箭头、十字路口右转、车流量小、白天
8	1	3	1	1	悬浮空中的箭头、十字路口左转、车流量小、白天
9	1	5	2	1	悬浮空中的箭头、环形道路右转、车流量大、白天
10	1	2	2	1	悬浮空中的箭头、三岔路口右转、车流量大、白天
11	2	4	1	2	贴合地面的箭头、十字路口右转、车流量小、黑夜
12	2	1	1	2	贴合地面的箭头、三岔路口左转、车流量小、黑夜
13	2	2	1	1	贴合地面的箭头、三岔路口右转、车流量小、白天
14	2	5	1	1	贴合地面的箭头、环形道路右转、车流量小、白天
15	2	4	1	1	贴合地面的箭头、十字路口右转、车流量小、白天
16	2	3	1	1	贴合地面的箭头、十字路口左转、车流量小、白天
17	2	5	2	1	贴合地面的箭头、环形道路右转、车流量大、白天
18	2	3	2	2	贴合地面的箭头、十字路口左转、车流量大、黑夜
19	2	1	2	1	贴合地面的箭头、三岔路口左转、车流量大、白天
20	2	2	2	2	贴合地面的箭头、三岔路口右转、车流量大、黑夜
21	3	4	2	2	无道路引导、十字路口右转、车流量大、黑夜
22	3	2	1	1	无道路引导、三岔路口右转、车流量小、白天
23	3	3	1	1	无道路引导、十字路口左转、车流量小、白天
24	3	1	2	1	无道路引导、三岔路口左转、车流量大、白天
25	3	5	1	2	无道路引导、环形道路右转、车流量小、黑夜

试验号	因素列				试验结果
试验号	A	B	C	D	方向盘转角标准差	瞳孔直径变异系数
1	1	4	2	1	0.102	0.072
2	1	1	1	1	0.115	0.106
3	1	1	1	2	0.117	0.073
4	1	5	1	2	0.158	0.070
5	1	2	1	2	0.151	0.075
6	1	3	2	2	0.132	0.058
7	1	4	1	1	0.103	0.066
8	1	3	1	1	0.109	0.122
9	1	5	2	1	0.153	0.071
10	1	2	2	1	0.142	0.077
11	2	4	1	2	0.149	0.087
12	2	1	1	2	0.101	0.083
13	2	2	1	1	0.100	0.093
14	2	5	1	1	0.150	0.115
15	2	4	1	1	0.128	0.080
16	2	3	1	1	0.076	0.086
17	2	5	2	1	0.171	0.124
18	2	3	2	2	0.079	0.123
19	2	1	2	1	0.086	0.085
20	2	2	2	2	0.116	0.110
21	3	4	2	2	0.139	0.065
22	3	2	1	1	0.111	0.171
23	3	3	1	1	0.080	0.128
24	3	1	2	1	0.095	0.166
25	3	5	1	2	0.167	0.075